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目的了解黑龙江省1~29岁人群乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒(HBV)感染状况和乙肝疫苗(Hep B)预防接种效果,以及乙肝病毒感染者血清标志物8年后的变化情况。方法 2014年9月,在黑龙江省采用分层二阶段整群随机抽样方法,调查7个县(区)932名1~29岁居民,同时对2006年在黑龙江省健康人群乙肝血清学调查中检测出乙肝感染者45人,分别于2009年和2014年追踪调查乙肝病毒感染血清标志物变化情况,应用酶联免疫吸附试验检测乙肝病毒感染血清标志物。结果黑龙江省1~29岁人群HBV感染率为7.51%,乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBs Ag)阳性率为1.29%;Hep B接种率为88.09%。5岁以下人群HBV感染率为3.17%,HBs Ag阳性率为0.26%;Hep B接种率为100%。2006—2014年8年,有66.67%的HBe Ag阳性患者转为HBe Ag阴性。结论黑龙江省1~29岁人群HBs Ag流行率呈下降趋势,黑龙江省乙肝防控工作已显成效。
Objective To understand the status of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hepatitis B vaccine (Hep B) vaccination in Heilongjiang Province aged 1 ~ 29 years and the changes of serum markers of Hepatitis B virus infected patients after 8 years. Methods In September 2014, a stratified two-stage cluster random sampling method was used in Heilongjiang Province to investigate 932 residents aged from 1 to 29 in 7 counties (districts). Meanwhile, in Hepatitis B serological survey of healthy population in Heilongjiang Province in 2006, Out of 45 people with hepatitis B infection, the changes of serum markers of hepatitis B virus infection were followed up in 2009 and 2014 respectively. Serum markers of hepatitis B virus infection were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The prevalence of HBV infection was 7.51% in Heilongjiang Province from January to 29, and the positive rate of HBsAg was 1.29%. The Hep B inoculation rate was 88.09%. The prevalence of HBV infection was 3.17% in people under 5 years of age, and the positive rate of HBsAg was 0.26%. Hep B inoculation rate was 100%. During 2006-2014, 66.67% of HBeAg-positive patients turned to HBeAg-negative. Conclusions The prevalence of HBsAg in Heilongjiang Province aged from 1 to 29 years is on the decline. The prevention and control of Hepatitis B in Heilongjiang Province has been effective.