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观察了正定县吴兴乡新生儿实施乙型肝炎 (乙肝 )疫苗普种后 14年的免疫学效果。该乡自 1986年开始对所有新生儿结合农村计划免疫 ,按 0、1、6个月程序接种 3剂乙肝疫苗 ,在 1986～ 1996年用血源乙肝疫苗 ,1997～ 1999年用重组 (CHO细胞 )乙肝疫苗。全程接种率 1986～ 1996年为 87 16 %,1997～ 1999年为 93 74%。于 1999年普查采血 ,用固相放射免疫试剂检测乙肝病毒表面抗原 (HBsAg)与抗体 (抗 -HBs)以及乙肝病毒核心抗体 (抗 -HBc) ,并与本地免疫前同龄儿童HBsAg阳性率进行比较 ,计算乙肝疫苗的免疫效果。结果显示 :乙肝疫苗免疫后 ,1～ 14岁儿童保护性抗 -HBs阳性率为 94 74%～ 10 2 7%,S/N值几何平均滴度 (GMT)为 76 72～ 5 6 2 ,随着免疫年限的延长而逐渐降低 ;HBsAg在 10岁以前无升高趋势 ,1～ 14岁儿童的HBsAg总阳性率 1 2 7%,与免疫前同龄儿童的 10 5 %相比 ,保护率为 87 9%(95 %可信限 83 18%～ 93 38%)。抗 -HBc阳性率为 2 2 6 %,与免疫前同龄儿童的 35 1%相比 ,降低了 93 5 6 %。新生儿乙肝疫苗免疫后随年龄的增长保护性抗体水平逐年下降 ,HBsAg阳性率 10～ 14岁开始出现升高趋势 ,而在 10岁以前未见升高趋势 ,说明免疫后 10年间效果良好 ,无需加强免疫。
The immunological effects of 14-year post-hepatitis B (HBV) vaccine on newborns in Wuxing Township of Zhengding County were observed. The township since 1986 for all newborns with rural plan immunization, 0,1,6 months according to the program of three doses of hepatitis B vaccine, hepatitis B vaccine from 1986 to 1996 with blood, 1997 to 1999 with recombinant (CHO cells )Hepatitis B vaccine. The entire vaccination rate was 87.16% from 1986 to 1996 and from 93 to 74% from 1997 to 1999. Blood was collected from the census in 1999, and HBsAg and HBsAg and anti-HBc were detected by solid-phase radioimmunoassay and compared with the positive rate of HBsAg in children of the same age before the local immunization , Calculate the immune effect of hepatitis B vaccine. The results showed that the positive rate of protective anti-HBs in children aged 1-14 years was 94 74% -102 7% after immunization with hepatitis B vaccine, and the geometric mean titer (GMT) of S / N was 76 72-562, The number of HBsAg in children aged from 1 to 14 years was 122.7%. Compared with 105% of children of the same age before immunization, the protection rate was 87 9% (95% confidence limit 83 18% ~ 93 38%). The positive rate of anti-HBc was 226%, which was 93 5 6% lower than that of 35 1% of pre-immune children. The level of protective antibody decreased with the increase of age after neonatal hepatitis B vaccine immunization. The positive rate of HBsAg tended to increase from 10 to 14 years old, but not increased until the age of 10 years, indicating good effect in 10 years after immunization without need Strengthen immunity.