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[目的]了解黑河污染对儿童生长发育的影响,为评价黑河污染提供科学依据。[方法]在黑河流域随机抽取5个乡为调查区。调查区内3427名5～12岁儿童的形态指标(身高、体重、胸围)、肝脏大小、肝功能及乙肝“两对半”、红细胞计数、血红蛋白、血清微量元素(Cu、Zn、Fe)。[结果]形态学指标的均值各年龄组污染区均低于对照区(P﹤0.05);两区儿童均有较为严重贫血,而污染区的贫血率明显高于对照区(P﹤0.01);两区儿童血中微量元素水平较为接近;儿童肝肿大污染区高于对照区,而且高于当地成人(P﹤0.01);乙型肝炎感染率、谷丙转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶等指标测定值两区差异无统计学意义。[结论]黑河污染对儿童生长发育确实带来很大影响。
[Objective] To understand the impact of Heihe pollution on children’s growth and development and provide a scientific basis for evaluating Heihe pollution. [Method] Five townships were randomly selected as survey area in Heihe River Basin. Morphological parameters (height, weight, chest circumference), liver size, liver function and hepatitis B “two and a half”, erythrocyte count, hemoglobin and serum trace elements (Cu, Zn and Fe) in 3427 children aged 5 ~ ). [Results] The mean values of morphological indexes in all age groups were lower than those in the control area (P <0.05). The children in both areas had severe anemia and the anemia rate in the contaminated area was significantly higher than that in the control area (P <0.01). The blood levels of trace elements in children in the two districts were close to each other. Children with hepatomegaly were higher in the area of hepatomegaly than in the control area and were higher than the local adults (P <0.01). Hepatitis B infection, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase There was no significant difference between the two values. [Conclusion] Heihe pollution has a great impact on the growth and development of children.