白血病是儿童最常见的恶性肿瘤,其中急性淋巴细胞白血病(acute lymphoblastic leukemia,ALL)约占80%左右,儿童中发病率达到0.3～0.4/万。研究发现,细胞遗传学改变在白血病发生发展过程中起着重要作用。常见的细胞遗传学异常如染色体数目改变、染色体易位和原癌基因异常表达等通过改变 Leukemia is the most common malignant tumor in children, of which acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) accounts for about 80%, and the incidence in children is 0.3-0.400. The study found that cytogenetic changes play an important role in the development of leukemia. Common cytogenetic abnormalities such as changes in the number of chromosomes, chromosomal translocations and abnormal expression of protooncogenes and other changes by