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目的探讨肺炎支原体受到感染导致的小儿哮喘临床症状和治疗方式。方法选取60例肺炎支原体感染的小儿哮喘患儿作为观察组,另选同期60例非肺炎支原体感染的小儿哮喘患儿作为对照组。对照组患儿接受头孢类抗生素药物治疗,并联合糖皮质激素以及支气管扩张剂进行辅助治疗,观察组患儿则在对照组基础上使用大环内酯类药物,对两组的哮喘、体温、干咳及肺部病变等进行观察分析。结果对照组有45例患儿哮喘发作时间为入院后1周内,占75.0%,平均哮喘持续时间(2.7±1.1)d;观察组有50例患儿的哮喘发作时间为入院后1周内,占83.3%,平均哮喘持续时间(6.1±2.2)d;两组患儿的平均哮喘持续时间比较差异具有统计学意义(t=10.707,P<0.05)。对照组中24例体温上升,15例37.5~38.0℃,8例38.1~39.0℃,1例>39.0℃,患儿发热持续时间<1周。观察组中41例体温上升,13例37.5~38.0℃,22例38.1~39.0℃,6例>39.0℃,其中35例发热时间<1周。对照组患儿体温上升例数多于观察组,差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=9.701,P<0.05)。对照组患儿主要症状为咳痰,有12例干咳;观察组有39例阵发干咳;两组患儿干咳发生率比较差异具有统计学意义(t=24.86,P<0.05)。对照组患儿接受肺部检查,主要结果为双肺纹理模糊以及支气管肺炎,有哮鸣音和湿啰音;观察组患儿以干啰音和哮鸣音为主,肺CT显示有大片阴影,少量气肿。结论肺炎支原体导致的小儿哮喘疾病咳嗽程度强烈,持续时间长,应该使用大环内脂类药物与其他药物联合治疗。
Objective To investigate the clinical symptoms and treatment of pediatric asthma caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Methods Sixty children with childhood asthma infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae were selected as the observation group and 60 children with non-Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection were selected as the control group. The control group received cephalosporin antibiotics, combined with glucocorticoid and bronchodilator adjuvant therapy, the observation group of children in the control group on the basis of macrolide drugs, the two groups of asthma, body temperature, Dry cough and lung lesions were observed and analyzed. Results In the control group, the onset time of asthma in 45 children was 75.0% within 1 week after admission, and the average duration of asthma was (2.7 ± 1.1) d. In the observation group, the onset time of asthma in 50 children was within 1 week after admission , Accounting for 83.3%. The average duration of asthma was (6.1 ± 2.2) d. The average duration of asthma in both groups was statistically significant (t = 10.707, P <0.05). The control group, 24 cases of body temperature increased in 15 cases 37.5 ~ 38.0 ℃, 8 cases of 38.1 ~ 39.0 ℃, 1 case> 39.0 ℃, fever in children with duration <1 week. In the observation group, 41 cases had an increase in body temperature, ranging from 37.5 to 38.0 ° C in 13 cases, 38.1 to 39.0 ° C in 22 cases, and> 39.0 ° C in 6 cases, of which 35 cases had a fever of <1 week. The control group had more cases of temperature rise than the observation group, the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 9.701, P <0.05). The main symptoms of children in the control group were sputum sputum, 12 cases of dry cough; the observation group had 39 cases of paroxysmal dry cough; the incidence of dry cough in both groups was statistically significant (t = 24.86, P <0.05). Children in the control group underwent lung examinations. The main findings were vague lung texture and bronchopneumonia with wheeze and wet rales. In the observation group, children with dry rales and wheeze were predominant and lung CT showed a large shadow A small amount of emphysema. Conclusion Mycoplasma pneumoniae caused by a strong cough in children with asthma cough for a long time, should be used macrocyclic lipids and other drugs combined treatment.