在十七世纪以前,中国是世界上最强盛的国家之一。而在中世纪以后,中国逐渐衰败。除列强入侵外,更主要的是自身的政治文化原因。一、繁盛的农业社会,衰落的近现代中国中国农业历史久远,是世界农业的起源地之一。中国农业社会土地私有,精耕细作,铁犁牛耕,使中国农业生产与社会发展长期处于世界领先地位。农 Before the seventeenth century, China was one of the most powerful countries in the world. In the Middle Ages, China gradually declined. In addition to strong invasion, but more important is its own political and cultural reasons. I. Prosperous Agricultural Society and Declining Modern China China’s agriculture has a long history and is one of the origins of world agriculture. China’s agricultural society is privately owned and intensively cultivated land and has been plowed and plowed for a long time. China’s agricultural production and social development have long been in a leading position in the world. Farmers