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美国铁路兴起于19世纪30年代,南北战争之后,美国铁路迅猛发展,1900年全国性的铁路网基本形成。随着铁路的不断增多,铁路公司之间的竞争也逐渐加剧,并带来了很多的问题。为防止过度竞争,铁路公司之间纷纷采取联营,但是并没有奏效。各州政府甚至联邦政府颁布的州际商务法都没有起到比较切实的作用。直到西奥多.罗斯福上台,连续通过了《埃尔金斯法》、《赫伯恩法》,铁路问题才有所缓和。
The rise of the U.S. railroad in the 1830s led to the rapid development of U.S. railways and the formation of a nationwide railway network in 1900. With the continuous increase of railways, the competition between railway companies is also gradually aggravated and brought a lot of problems. To prevent over-competition, railway companies have taken joint ventures, but they did not work. State governments and even the federal government promulgated the interstate commerce law did not play a more effective role. Until Theodore Roosevelt came to power, he passed the Elkins Law and the Hepburn Act in succession, and the railway issue eased.