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目的了解衡阳县肺结核病人抗酸杆菌(AFB)检出情况,为结核病防治工作提供理论依据。方法统计分析2009年衡阳县疾控中心初诊结核病人抗酸杆菌(AFB)痰涂片检查资料。结果 2009年初诊结核病AFB痰涂片镜检共968例,发现涂阳肺结核病例440例,总涂阳率为45.5%;涂阳率以35～54岁组和55～74岁组较高,分别为47.3%和48.0%,≤14岁组最低(14.3%)(P<0.05);四个季度之间AFB阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),涂阳率以第四季度最高(54.5%),晨痰检出率为44.9%,明显高于夜间痰(31.1%)和即时痰(14.3%);男性涂阳率(46.6%),女性(42.6%);职业以农民为主。结论痰涂片镜检结果显示:结核病感染、发病职业以农民为主,35～74岁为肺结核发病的高峰年龄。建议加大对初、复治结核病人的痰检工作力度,发挥乡镇查痰点的作用,建立痰检质量控制系统,及时规范地治疗肺结核病人。
Objective To understand the detection of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Hengyang County and provide a theoretical basis for tuberculosis prevention and treatment. Methods Statistical analysis of Hengyang CDC 2009 initial diagnosis of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) sputum smear examination data. Results In 2009, a total of 968 AFB sputum smear microscopic examination of tuberculosis were found. 440 smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases were found with a total smear positive rate of 45.5%. The smear positive rates were higher in the 35-54 years old group and 55-74 years old group (47.3%) and 48.0% (14.3%, respectively) (P <0.05). There was a significant difference in the positive detection rate of AFB between the four quarters (P <0.01) (54.5%), the detection rate of morning sputum was 44.9%, which was significantly higher than that of night sputum (31.1%) and instant sputum (14.3%); the smear rate of male was 46.6% and that of female was 42.6% Mainly. Conclusion sputum smear microscopy results show that: tuberculosis infection, occupational diseases mainly farmers, 35 to 74 years old as the peak age of onset of tuberculosis. It is suggested to increase the sputum examination work for primary and re-treatment tuberculosis patients, give play to the role of township sputum spot checkpoints, establish a quality control system for sputum examination, and timely and standardize the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients.