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在一定的加工条件下,用控制齿坯精度来保证和提高齿轮的加工精度是一项积极措施。在大批量生产条件下,通常是以齿轮孔和端面作为加工工艺基准面,为此要控制端面对孔中心线的轴向跳动。国内很多单位是用圆锥心轴在普通车床上精车而成。这固然能保证工艺要求,但效率低而且十分劳累,特别对大孔径工件如采用圆锥心轴就显得更笨重。笔者在日本研修期间,看到吉原工厂和川口工厂的齿轮生产线上们有大量的多刀自动车床用于精车齿坯端面。它们是不采用圆锥心轴的,采用的是精车端面夹具,值得我们借鉴。下面对此作一介绍,供参考。
Under certain processing conditions, it is a positive measure to control and improve the accuracy of gear machining with the control of gear precision. In mass production conditions, the gear hole and the end surface is usually used as the machining process datum, to control the end face of the bore centerline axial runout. Many domestic units are made of conical mandrel fine car on the ordinary lathe. Although this can guarantee the process requirements, but inefficient and very tired, especially for large-diameter workpiece, such as the use of tapered mandrel is more cumbersome. During my training in Japan, I saw a large number of multi-knife automatic lathes on the gear production lines of the Yoshiwara Plant and the Kawaguchi Plant for precision tooth ends. They do not use conical mandrel, the use of fine car end fixture, it is worth learning from. Here’s an introduction, for reference.