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航天飞机传感器的基本要求是稳定性和高可靠性。提高可靠性的途径是在同一测点安装备份传感器。安装温度传感器时,在关链部位必须考虑结构的力学和热学性质匹配。设计传感器应满足的要求是:结构整体化、高精度、快响应。防热系统的温度传感器仍然是传统的铂电阻和热电偶。但结构都做得很小。热流传感器则都是热电堆。其原理是利用沿热阻板厚度方向建立的温差来测量热流。它是固态传感器、输出大、精度高、为Gardon计所不及。文中还简介了安装技术和鉴定试验。
Space shuttle sensors are the basic requirements of stability and high reliability. The way to improve reliability is to install backup sensors at the same site. When installing a temperature sensor, the mechanics and thermal properties of the structure must be taken into consideration at the relevant chain sites. Design sensor should meet the requirements are: structural integrity, high precision, fast response. The thermal sensor’s temperature sensor is still the traditional platinum resistance and thermocouple. But the structure is very small. Heat flow sensors are all thermopiles. The principle is to use the temperature difference along the thickness of the thermal resistance plate to measure the heat flow. It is a solid-state sensor with large output and high accuracy, which is beyond the reach of the Gardon. The article also describes the installation techniques and identification tests.