一、国有企业改革取向的争论 面对国有企业其存在的问题,一种较为普遍的论点是产权论,它侧重于从产权界定、产权结构优化以及由此决定的利益激励机制,来探讨企业绩效的决定因素,其中心观点是产权明晰是提高企业绩效的关键。这里的产权明晰主要包括两层含义:产权法律归属上的明确界定,与产权的有效率配置(或产权结构上的优化配置),由此产权决定论可分为产权归属决定论与产权结构决定论。 按照产权论的观点,产权私有化是我国国有企业改革提高企业竞争力的唯一出路。国有企业与私人企业最本质的不同是企业 I. Controversy over the reform orientation of state-owned enterprises In the face of the problems of state-owned enterprises, one of the more common arguments is the theory of property rights. It focuses on the discussion of corporate performance from the definition of property rights, the optimization of property rights structure, and the interest incentive mechanism thus determined. The central point of deciding factors is that the clarity of property rights is the key to improving corporate performance. The clear property rights here mainly include two layers of meaning: a clear definition of ownership of property rights, and an efficient allocation of property rights (or optimization of property rights structure), which can be divided into property ownership determinism and ownership structure decisions. s. According to the theory of property rights, the privatization of property rights is the only way to improve the competitiveness of state-owned enterprises in China. The most fundamental difference between state-owned and private companies is the