论文部分内容阅读
目的了解未诊断过呼吸系疾病的人群中慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的患病率以及吸烟对其影响。方法分析471例非呼吸系疾病者肺功能及病史,以第一秒用力呼气容积/用力肺活量(FEV1/FVC)<70%作为COPD诊断标准。结果吸烟和非吸烟组年龄无统计学差异(P>0.05),吸烟组的各项通气指标占预计值的百分比均显著低于非吸烟组(P<0.01)。符合COPD诊断标准的有20例,占该人群的4.25%;吸烟组患病率为8.02%,明显高于非吸烟组(2.27%,P<0.01);在无临床症状人群中,COPD患病率为3.12%,其中吸烟者达到6.34%,而非吸烟者为1.45%,两者有显著差异(P<0.01);咳嗽组和气闷组符合COPD诊断标准的分别为21.74%和6.45%。按照COPD严重度分级,Ⅰ级4例,Ⅱ级11例,Ⅲ级5例。结论未诊断过呼吸系疾病人群中,存在一定比例的COPD,吸烟者中比例更高。早期进行肺功能检查,可有效减少COPD的漏诊和误诊。
Objectives To understand the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the impact of smoking on those who have not been diagnosed with respiratory disease. Methods The pulmonary function and medical history of 471 non-respiratory patients were analyzed. The first second forced expiratory volume / forced vital capacity (FEV1 / FVC) <70% was used as the diagnostic criteria for COPD. Results There was no significant difference in smoking and non-smoking age groups (P> 0.05). The percentage of each ventilation index in the smoking group was significantly lower than the non-smoking group (P <0.01). According to the diagnostic criteria of COPD, 20 cases accounted for 4.25% of the population; the prevalence of smoking group was 8.02%, significantly higher than that of non-smoking group (2.27%, P <0.01) (3.12%), with 6.34% of smokers and 1.45% of non-smokers, there was a significant difference (P <0.01). The COPD diagnostic criteria were 21.74% and 6.45% in cough group and gas-stuffiness group respectively. According to the severity of COPD grading, Ⅰ grade in 4 cases, Ⅱ grade in 11 cases, Ⅲ grade in 5 cases. Conclusion There is a certain proportion of COPD among the non-diagnosed respiratory disease patients, with a higher percentage of smokers. Early pulmonary function tests can effectively reduce the missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis of COPD.