目的探讨农村老年人群指甲硒水平与血脂水平之间的相关性。方法以前期建立的环境适硒地区和低硒地区对老年人认知研究队列为基础,从4个环境硒水平不同地区选取1 859名≥65周岁的农村老年人作为本研究对象。采集手指甲样品,用2,3-二氨基萘荧光法检测硒含量;采集清晨空腹静脉血分离血清,用化学发光法检测血清TC、TG、HDLC、LDLC、ApoA1、ApoB、ApoE 7项指标含量。结果 4个现场人群间血清7项血脂指标水平及指甲硒水平的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),同省份适硒地区人群各项血脂指标的水平普遍高于低硒地区人群。随着指甲硒含量增加,血清6项指标ApoA1、ApoB、ApoE、TC、HDLC、LDLC含量均呈增加趋势(P<0.05)。按指甲硒含量百分位数将总人群划分为5组后发现,指甲硒与上述6项血脂指标间的正相关性仅在低硒人群中(指甲硒含量<0.427μg/g)有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论指甲硒水平与农村老年人群的血脂水平可能存在相关。 Objective To explore the correlation between the level of nappa selenium and the level of blood lipids in rural elderly population. Methods Based on the cohort of cognition of the elderly in environment-adapted selenium and low-selenium areas established in the previous period, 1 859 rural aged persons ≥65 years of age were selected from 4 different areas of environmental selenium level as the subjects. The samples of fingernails were collected and selenium content was detected by 2,3-diaminonaphthalene fluorescence method. Serum samples of fasting venous blood were collected and the levels of TC, TG, HDLC, LDLC, ApoA1, ApoB and ApoE were detected by chemiluminescence . Results There were significant differences in the levels of serum lipids and the levels of finger nail selenium between the four field groups (P <0.05). The levels of various blood lipids in the same selenium area of ​​the same province were generally higher than those in the low-selenium area. With the increase of selenium content in nails, the levels of serum ApoA1, ApoB, ApoE, TC, HDLC and LDLC showed a trend of increase (P <0.05). According to the percentile of selenium content of nails, the total population was divided into five groups and found that the positive correlation between nappa selenium and the above six lipids was statistically significant only in low selenium population (nails selenium content <0.427μg / g) Significance (P <0.05). Conclusion There may be correlation between nails level of selenium and the level of blood lipids in rural elderly population.