秦始皇是一位颇具历史意识的政治家。他以历史作借鉴 ,议定了秦皇朝一系列立国制度 ,主要有立尊号与废谥号、建立水德制度、推行郡县制度、举行封禅大典。他既重视发挥史学的“颂今”功能 ,又惧怕人们以古非今。刻石与焚书则集中反映了秦始皇的这种矛盾心理。 Qin Shi Huang is a historian politician. He used history as a reference, agreed a series of Qin Dynasty dynasty established the system, there are standing number and obsolete, establishing the system of water and gas, the implementation of the county system, held Fengshan Ceremony. He not only attached importance to giving play to the function of “praising the present” of history, but also feared that people would regard the past as non-present. Engraved stone and burning books are concentrated reflects the Qin Shi Huang’s contradictory psychology.