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一个事实已得到公认:引发大多数危及生命的临床实践的易损斑块的主要特点为炎症细胞和炎症蛋白介质的大量聚集。这就更强调了对粥样硬化斑块内的炎症定性定量分析的合适影像技术的迫切需要。在这方面,正电子发射断层扫描术(PET)和单光子发射计算机体层摄影(SPECT)前景较好。标记物可评价巨噬细胞募集,泡沫细胞产生,基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)产物,巨噬细胞凋亡和巨噬细胞代谢。这些标记物均正在被研究并已在颈动脉和外周动脉上进行了实验。然而,冠脉内易损斑块的识别仍难以如愿,主要的原因有:斑块过小,心跳和呼吸运动的干扰,以及缺乏合适且特异的核标记物。
One fact has been acknowledged that the predominant feature of vulnerable plaques that trigger the most life-threatening clinical practice is the massive accumulation of inflammatory cells and inflammatory protein mediators. This underscores the urgent need for suitable imaging techniques for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques. In this regard, positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) have good prospects. Markers can assess macrophage recruitment, foam cell production, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) products, macrophage apoptosis, and macrophage metabolism. These markers are being studied and experiments have been performed on the carotid and peripheral arteries. However, the identification of vulnerable intracoronary plaques remains unimportant for a number of reasons: plaques, heart and respiratory disturbances, and the lack of suitable and specific nuclear markers.