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目的分析民航飞行员诊室血压和动态血压的关系,获得其白大衣性高血压发病特点,提出民航飞行员高血压的航空医学鉴定建议。方法收集民航飞行员体检时诊室血压升高者161例,按动态血压参考值分为真性高血压和白大衣性高血压,比较两组在年龄、诊室收缩压、诊室舒张压和体重指数之间的差异,结合白大衣性高血压的临床医学知识和目前航空医学鉴定标准,提出首次诊室血压升高时的航空医学鉴定原则。结果真性高血压36例,占22.46%;白大衣性高血压125例,占77.60%。白大衣性高血压组,年龄(34.6±11.9)岁,诊室收缩压(151.6±9.2)mm Hg,诊室舒张压(89.4±8.8)mm Hg,体重指数(25.1±3.1)kg/m~2;真性高血压组,年龄(34.1±12.1)岁,诊室收缩压(152.4±9.0)mm Hg,诊室舒张压(93.1±8.3)mm Hg,体重指数(24.7±3.9)kg/m~2。两组在年龄(P=0.849)诊室收缩压(P=0.65)和体质指数(P=0.513)之间均无显著性差异,诊室舒张压(P=0.023)之间有差异性。结论民航飞行员有较高的白大衣性高血压发病率,在招收飞行学生时对白大衣性高血压需要进一步评估整体心血管危险因素后给予鉴定结论。
Objective To analyze the relationship between ambulatory blood pressure and ambulatory blood pressure in civil aviation pilots and to obtain the characteristics of white cohort hypertension and to propose the aeromedical identification of civil aviation pilot hypertension. Methods A total of 161 hypertension patients were collected during the examination of civil aviation pilots. According to the reference value of dynamic blood pressure, they were divided into true hypertension and white coat hypertension. The differences of age, clinic systolic pressure, clinic diastolic blood pressure and body mass index Difference, combined with clinical knowledge of white coat hypertension and the current aviation medical identification standards, put forward the first clinic when the blood pressure increased aeromedical identification principles. Results 36 cases of true hypertension, accounting for 22.46%; white coat hypertension in 125 cases, accounting for 77.60%. White cohort hypertension group had a mean age of (34.6 ± 11.9) years, systolic blood pressure (151.6 ± 9.2) mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure (89.4 ± 8.8) mm Hg, and body mass index (25.1 ± 3.1) kg / The true hypertension group had a mean age of 34.1 ± 12.1 years, systolic blood pressure (152.4 ± 9.0) mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure (93.1 ± 8.3) mm Hg, and body mass index (24.7 ± 3.9) kg / m 2. There was no significant difference in systolic blood pressure (P = 0.65) and body mass index (P = 0.513) between the two groups (P = 0.849), and diastolic blood pressure in the clinic (P = 0.023). Conclusions Civil aviation pilots have a high prevalence of white coat hypertension, and identification of white cardiohypertension requires additional assessment of overall cardiovascular risk factors when enrolled in flying students.