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为了有效地分析不同城市地表形态的局地气候特性,本文选取了6种具有典型城市地表形态的局地区域作为研究对象,利用定点气象参数监测与受试者对局地空间环境的主观热感觉评价相结合的方法,对6种局地空间区域内部的风速、黑球温度、空气温度、相对湿度进行了分析,并进一步讨论了局地热岛强度(UHII)与群众“适中”感觉比率(TMR)的差异性。研究结果表明:不同城市地表形态所产生的局地气象参数有着显著的差异,且各测点的UHII值分布在-0.5~3.5℃之间,TMR值分布在10%~35%之间,其中,紧凑高层建筑区有助于形成城市“冷岛效应”并提高居民热舒适感觉。在地表形态特性参数中,地理粗糙度等级对局地气候影响最大,适当地降低天空角系数、表面吸热量、表面反射率,且适当提高街道高宽比、建筑平均高度、地理粗糙度等级有利于可持续生态环境的建设。
In order to effectively analyze the local climatic characteristics of the surface morphology in different cities, six kinds of local areas with typical urban surface topography were selected as the research object. The use of fixed-point meteorological parameters to monitor the subjective thermal sensation of the subjects to the local space environment Wind speed, black-ball temperature, air temperature and relative humidity in the six kinds of local spatial regions were analyzed and the relationship between local heat island intensity (UHII) and mass “moderate ” feeling ratio was further discussed. (TMR) differences. The results show that there are significant differences in the local meteorological parameters produced by the surface morphology of different cities, and the distribution of UHII values at various measuring points ranges from -0.5 to 3.5 ℃ and the TMR values range from 10% to 35% , The compact high rise building area contributes to the formation of the city’s “cold island effect” and enhances residents’ thermal comfort. Among the surface morphological parameters, the degree of geographical roughness has the greatest impact on the local climate, appropriately reducing the angle of view of the sky, the surface heat absorption and the surface reflectance, and appropriately increasing the street aspect ratio, the average height of buildings, the grade of geographical roughness Conducive to the sustainable development of ecological environment.