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乡村社会治理是以乡镇政府管理和农民制度化参与相结合,以村民自治为核心,以实现农民利益最大化为目的的一种乡政村治发展模式。但在当前社会快速转型时期越级上访、群体申诉、直接对抗等大量农民非制度化政治参与的情况下,乡村治理所必须的政治文化环境和社会资本构建遭到严重破坏,乡村治理绩效的下降使乡村的发展陷入了困境。破解这一挑战,需要通过培育新型农民制度化政治参与文化,完善农民制度化参与机制,创造农民制度化参与的社会氛围,推动乡村社会自律以形成农民制度化参与的条件,来为乡村治理的良性运转提供和谐的社会环境和有效的社会资本。
Rural social governance is a village and village governance development mode that integrates the management of township government and the peasants ’institutionalization with the villager’s autonomy as the core and the purpose of maximizing the peasants’ interests. However, in the current period of rapid social transformation, such as petty petitions, mass petitions and direct confrontation, a large number of non-institutionalized political participation by peasants have caused serious damage to the political and cultural environment and social capital construction necessary for rural governance. The decline in the performance of rural governance has made Rural development is in a dilemma. To solve this challenge, we need to cultivate new farmers to institutionalize the culture of political participation, improve farmers ’institutionalized participation mechanism, create a social atmosphere in which peasants systematically participate, and promote the self-regulation of rural society to form the conditions for peasants’ institutionalized participation so as to provide guidance to rural governance Healthy functioning provides a harmonious social environment and effective social capital.