儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)是指在睡眠过程中反复出现打鼾、憋气、呼吸暂停从而引起低氧血症和高碳酸血症的综合征,临床表现为呼吸困难、张口呼吸、白天多动或嗜睡、下颌后缩和唇肌无力等,对患儿的生长发育、认知、听力以及心肺功能等都造成了一定危害.近年来,随着该类患儿数量的增加,儿童OSAHS引起了耳鼻喉、口腔科、呼吸科等多学科的重视.而正畸治疗不仅可以改善呼吸,还可以改善患者面型,达到一定的美学效果.因此,通过对儿童OSAHS的发病机制及正畸治疗进行综述,以提高公众对儿童OSAHS的认识,并为正畸治疗儿童OSAHS提供一定的指导.“,”Children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrom (OSAHS) refers to the repeated snoring ,Suffocating, and apnea during sleep, which leads to hypoxemia and hypercapnia syndrome. Clinical manifestations of children with OSAHS include difficulty breathing, mouth breathing, hyperactivity or sleepiness during the day , mandibular retractionandand lip muscle weakness. These phenomenons are harmful to the growth, cognition, hearing and cardiopulmonary function of the children. In recent years, with the increase of the number of children with OSAHS, OSAHS has attracted the attention of many subjects such as otolaryngology, oral cavity and respiratory department.What’s more ,the orthodontic treatment can not only improve the breathing, but also the appearance ,in order to achieve the beauty. Therefore, this article reviewed the pathogenesis of children’s OSAHS and orthodontictreatment ,which raise the public awareness for the children’s OSAHS and provide some guidance for orthodontic treatment.