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艾伦·卡尔松在其环境美学新著《功能之美》中提出了功能不确定性与转化问题。他拓展了“选择效果理论”用以解决前者,提倡“功能之美现象学”用以解决后者。本文认为,自然对象根本不存在功能不确定性问题,因为自然对象所有现存之有效功能均为恰当功能。对于人造物的功能不确定性问题,卡尔松的“选择效果理论”仅能部分地解决,需重新围绕特性、语境与意图三端分别建立不同的方案以解决之。对于功能转化问题,卡尔松仅仅总结了功能之美的数种特征,并未从认识论角度真正解决此问题,而正面提出审美直觉观念很可能是解决功能转化问题的有效途径。
Alan Karlsson put forward the issue of functional uncertainty and transformation in the new book Functional Beauty of Environmental Aesthetics. He expanded his theory of “choice effects” to solve the former and advocated “the phenomenology of the function” to solve the latter. This paper argues that there is no problem of functional uncertainty in natural objects at all, since all existing valid functions of natural objects are proper functions. For the question of the functional uncertainty of man-made objects, Carlsson’s Theory of Choice Effect can only be partially solved, and different programs need to be established around the three ends of the characteristic, context and intention respectively. For the question of function transformation, Carlsson merely summed up several characteristics of the beauty of function, did not really solve the problem from the epistemological point of view, and positively put forward the concept of aesthetic intuition is likely to be an effective way to solve the problem of functional transformation.