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目的:通过田间试验研究白术对氮、磷、钾的吸收分配规律。方法:对白术不同生育期进行取样,分别测定植株不同部位的干物质量及氮、磷、钾含量。结果:一年生白术分别在现蕾期和根茎膨大期有两个养分吸收高峰期,白术所吸收的养分主要分配至地上部分。二年生白术在开花期出现养分吸收高峰期,开花期后白术所吸收的养分主要分配至地下部分。本试验条件下,二年生白术每生产100 kg根茎产品需要吸收N 2.65 kg、P_2O_50.91 kg、K_2O 2.16 kg。结论:在施好底肥的基础上,一年生白术要加强现蕾期和根茎膨大期两个阶段的追肥措施,二年生白术则要加强开花期的追肥措施。
OBJECTIVE: To study the absorption and distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in Atractylodes macrocephala by field experiment. Methods: Atractylodes macrocephala was sampled at different growth stages to determine the dry matter content, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in different parts of the plant. Results: Annual Atractylodes macrophyllus had two nutrient absorption peaks at budding stage and rhizome bulking stage respectively. The nutrients absorbed by Atractylodes macrocephala were mainly distributed to the aerial part. Biennial Atractylodes occurs in the peak period of nutrient absorption during anthesis, and the nutrients absorbed by Atractylodes macrocephala mainly distribute to the underground after anthesis. Under the experimental conditions, biennial Atractylodes macrocephala need to absorb N 2.65 kg, P 2 O 50.91 kg and K 2 O 2.16 kg for every 100 kg rhizome production. Conclusion: Based on the application of base fertilizer, annual Atractylodes macrocephalae should strengthen the dressing measures in two stages of budding stage and rhizome bulking stage, while the biennial Atractylodes macrocephalae should strengthen the top dressing measures in flowering stage.