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端粒长度、端粒酶活性在生精细胞分化与增殖的各个阶段各不相同 ,从精原细胞到精子的成熟过程中 ,端粒酶活性的不断下降与端粒长度的依次增加呈负相关 ,在成熟精子细胞和精子中 ,端粒酶活性完全丧失。近年来研究表明 ,在少精子症和生精细胞成熟阻滞的无精子症病人之间 ,睾丸中端粒酶活性表达水平相近。人端粒酶活性、端粒酶逆转录酶为精子发生高度敏感和特异的标志 ,特别对原发性无精子症病人睾丸灶性精子发生的诊断具有重要的临床意义。
Telomere length and telomerase activity varied in different stages of spermatogenic cell differentiation and proliferation. From the process of spermatogonia to sperm maturation, the decrease of telomerase activity was negatively correlated with the sequential increase of telomere length , In the mature sperm cells and sperm, telomerase activity completely lost. In recent years, studies have shown that telomerase activity in testes is similar between azoospermia patients with oligozoospermia and spermatogenic cell maturation retardation. Human telomerase activity and telomerase reverse transcriptase are highly sensitive and specific markers of spermatogenesis, and are of particular clinical significance for the diagnosis of testicular focal spermatogenesis in patients with primary azoospermia.