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Fabrication of Gd2O2S:Pr scintillation ceramics by pressureless reaction sintering was investigated. The 2Gd2O3.(Gd,Pr)2(SO4)3.mH2O precursor was made by hydrotherrnal reaction using commercially available Gd2O3, Pr6O11 and H2SO4 as the starting materials. Then single phase Gd2O2SO4:Pr powder was obtained by calcining the precursor at 750℃ for 2 h. The Gd2O2SO4:Pr powder compacts can be sintered to single phase Gd2O2S:Pr ceramics with a relative density of 99% and mean grain size of 30 μm at 1750℃ for 2 h in flowing hydrogen atmosphere. Densification and microstructural development of the Gd2O2S:Pr ceramics were examined. Luminescence spectra of the Gd2O2S:Pr ceramic under 309 nm UV excitation and X-ray excitation show a green emission at 511 nm as the most prominent peak, which corresponds to the 3P0-ZH4 transition of Pr3+ ions.