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自由最基本的含义是指生物学意义的自由 ,即有机体能够不受约束而无任何障碍地行为。这种自由是人和其他一切动物共同具有的。它通常要受到两种条件的限制 :一是要受到有机体自身的生理条件和活动能力的限制 ;二是要受到与其生存相关的环境条件的限制。就这种自由而言 ,人与动物之间只存在量的差别而不存在质的差别。在自由形式上 ,可以将人与动物从本质上区别开来的 ,是法律意义上的自由。这是人类特有的自由形式。法律意义的自由根源于人的族类竞争的生物天性和社会协作需要这一相互矛盾的存在状况。从本质上讲 ,法律的宗旨不是为了限制人的生物学意义的自由 ,而是为了扩大这种自由的范围 ,因此 ,法律意义上的自由并非独立于生物学意义的自由 ,它实际上是为人的生物学意义的自由服务并从属于这种自由的
The most basic meaning of freedom is the freedom of biological significance, that is, the behavior of an organism without any restriction and without any obstacles. This freedom is shared by all people and all other animals. It is usually subject to two conditions: one is limited by the organism’s own physical and activity abilities; and the other is limited by the environmental conditions associated with its survival. As far as this freedom is concerned, there is only a quantitative difference between man and animal without any qualitative difference. In a free form, the essence of man and animals can be distinguished from the freedom in the legal sense. This is a man-made free form. The freedom of legal significance is rooted in the contradictory situation of the biological nature of the competition of human race and the need of social cooperation. In essence, the purpose of law is not to restrict the freedom of human biological meaning, but to enlarge the scope of such freedom. Therefore, the freedom of law in the sense of law is not independent of biological meaning. It is actually for man The biological meaning of free service and subordination of this freedom