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我国企业对外投资向发达国家和新兴经济体转移的趋势日益明显,这与我国企业日益重视先进知识资源的寻求密切相关,为实现知识寻求目标,我国企业母公司逐渐关注海外子公司向其进行的逆向知识转移。本文从母公司视角切入探讨了吸收能力和制度环境对逆向知识转移的影响作用,基于对我国海外投资企业的问卷调研和实证分析,我们发现,输入方母公司的知识吸收能力从知识共享、学习和应用以及知识再创新能力三个层次对逆向知识转移产生不同影响,而企业内部制度环境也从创新文化、学习型组织、管理信息系统、资源支持和沟通渠道等方面为知识转移提供支持。同时在对不同类型知识的转移频率,不同层次知识转移效果的具体研究中,上述因素的影响作用呈现显著差异。
The trend of Chinese enterprises ’outward investment to developed countries and emerging economies has become more and more obvious. This is closely related to the increasing emphasis on the search of advanced knowledge resources by Chinese enterprises. To achieve the goal of knowledge seeking, parent companies in our country are gradually paying attention to the overseas subsidiaries’ Reverse knowledge transfer. Based on the questionnaire survey and empirical analysis of overseas investment enterprises in our country, we find that the knowledge-absorbing ability of the parent companies input from knowledge-sharing and learning And application and knowledge re-innovation ability have different effects on the transfer of knowledge in the opposite direction, and the internal institutional environment also supports knowledge transfer from the aspects of innovation culture, learning organization, management information system, resources support and communication channels. At the same time, in the specific study on the frequency of different types of knowledge transfer and the effect of knowledge transfer at different levels, the influence of the above factors is significantly different.