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“衍射极限”实际上不是一个真正的障碍,除非处理远场和定位精度。这种衍射障碍并不是坚不可摧的,可以利用一些智能技术来突破光学衍射极限。讨论了四种技术,近场扫描光学显微镜(NSOM)法,受激发射损耗(STED)显微镜法,光激活定位显微镜(PALM)法或随机光学重建显微镜(STORM)法和结构照明显微镜(SIM)法,并且介绍了各自的基本原则与优劣。NSOM利用纳米级探测器检测通过光纤的极小汇聚光斑,从而获得单个像素的分辨率;PALM和STORM利用荧光探针,实现暗场和荧光的转换,从而观察到极小的荧光团;SIM则是利用栅格图案与样品叠加成像来实现。其中,STORM具有相对较高的潜力,能够更为有效地突破衍射极限。
“Diffraction Limit ” is actually not a real obstacle unless you deal with far-field and positioning accuracy. This diffraction barrier is not indestructible, you can use some intelligent technology to break the optical diffraction limit. Four kinds of techniques, NSOM, STED, PALM, STORM and SIM were discussed in detail. Law, and introduced their own basic principles and advantages and disadvantages. NSOM uses nanoscale detectors to detect extremely small converging spots through the fiber to achieve single-pixel resolution; PALM and STORM use a fluorescent probe to achieve dark-field and fluorescence transitions to observe very small fluorophores; and SIM Is the use of grid patterns and sample overlay imaging to achieve. Which, STORM has a relatively high potential to be able to more effectively break the diffraction limit.