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目的设计并评价初次成分献血者健康教育路径的应用效果,为提高基层采供血机构健康教育质量提供参考。方法选取初次成分献血者2 900例,随机分为观察组和对照组。观察组实施健康教育路径管理,对照组按传统的健康教育方法实施健康宣教。比较2组献血者的一般情况,路径实施前后成分献血知识知晓率,2组献血者的固定、重复献血人数、人次和献血频次等。结果 2组献血者的一般情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);路径实施前后献血者成分献血知识知晓率由26.3%上升为84.3%(P<0.01);观察组、对照组固定献血人数比例分别为40.2%、26.7%(P<0.01);固定献血人次比例分别为79.2%、66.4%(P<0.01);观察组总献血频次3.8次、固定献血者献血频次7.4次明显高于对照组的2.6次和6.4次。结论本研究设计的初次成分献血者健康教育路径符合初次成分献血者健康教育需求,在献血者保留、固定成分献血者队伍建设中有实用价值,值得进一步推广应用。
Objective To design and evaluate the effect of health education of primary blood donors, and to provide reference for improving the quality of health education at grassroots level. Methods 2 900 primary blood donors were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group. The observation group carried out the path of health education, while the control group carried out the health education according to the traditional method of health education. Blood donors were compared between two groups, before and after the implementation of the path of blood donation awareness, blood donors fixed two groups, repeat the number of blood donations, frequency and frequency of blood donation. Results There was no significant difference in the general situation between the two groups (P> 0.05). The awareness rate of blood donors’ blood donation before and after the route was increased from 26.3% to 84.3% (P <0.01) (P <0.01). The proportion of fixed blood donors was 79.2% and 66.4% respectively (P <0.01). The frequency of blood donation in observation group was 3.8 times and that of fixed blood donors was 7.4 times Control group 2.6 times and 6.4 times. Conclusions The pathways of health education for primary constituents of blood donors designed in this study are in line with the needs of health education for first-time constituent blood donors. They are of practical value in the construction of contingent-donated blood donors and are worthy of further promotion and application.