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通过夏熟作物多点田间试验的几个认识: (1)粉肥面施或兑水泼浇。肥分损失严重,粉肥压成粒肥,有利于促进穗(荚)多、粒重。在等量条件下,每斤粒肥比粉肥可多增产三麦1.5斤、油菜籽1.0斤;(2)在等量碳铵同一深施条件下,粒肥深施也略优于粉肥深施,其增产幅度一般为3—5%,但粒肥便于深施,也有利于避免贮运过程的损失;(3)作为一次追肥,以腊肥为优、春肥次之。深度以2寸或3寸为宜;(4)追肥用量通常30至60斤多表现绝对增产,但高肥土壤的撒播麦,前期偏施多量氮肥者,追肥用量要控制,以防倒伏;(6)旱地目前仍是人工打洞深施,郊区群众说“粒肥真正好,可惜一弯腰”,要全面推广必须尽速解决机械施肥。最近上海农机部门已初步研制成功插秧机上附加粒肥深施器,正在着手一面改进水田粒肥深施器,一面计划研制旱地粒肥深施器。
Through summer ripening more field trials of several knowledge: (1) flour fertilizer or water pouring poured. Fat loss is serious, fertilizer fat granulation, is conducive to promoting the spike (pod) and grain weight. Under the same amount of conditions, per kilogram of grain fertilizer can increase yield more than powder 1.5 kg three wheat, rapeseed 1.0 kg; (2) In the same amount of ammonium bicarbonate under the same conditions, fertilizer is also slightly better than the deep application of fertilizer , Its yield increase is generally 3-5%, but the granule fertilizer is convenient for further application, and also helps to avoid the loss of the storage and transportation process. (3) As a top dressing, wax dressing is the best, followed by the spring fertilizer. Depth of 2-inch or 3-inch is appropriate; (4) topdressing usually 30 to 60 kg more than the absolute performance of the increase, but the high fertile soil sprinkling wheat, pre-fertilization of large amount of nitrogen fertilizer, fertilizer to control the amount of dosage to prevent lodging; 6) The dry land is still a hole for artificial drilling. Suburban masses said that “grain fertilizer is really good but it is a pity to bend over.” If we want to promote it in an all-round way, we must solve the problem of mechanical fertilization as soon as possible. Recently, Shanghai Agricultural Machinery Department has initially developed a rice transplanter attached granule fertilizer device, is working to improve paddy fertilizer deep facilities, while planning the development of dryland granule fertilizer device.