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The research on the oil film characteristic of piston pair is beneficial to the design and optimiza-tion of friction pair, which can improve the performance of piston pump.The fluid pressure of piston cavity is accurately obtained by AMEsim simulation.Oil film thickness field model of piston pair un-der the slanting state of piston is established, and the distribution law is numerically analyzed under different speed and pressure by Matlab.The experiment model pump for oil film characteristic of pis-ton pair is designed to measure oil film thickness under the pressure of 18 MPa.The experiment re-sults show that oil film thickness varies greatly under high pressure, and oil film thickness fluctuates sharply under low speed.The minimum oil film thickness increases with spindle speed increasing and oil film characteristic of piston pair based on the numerical analysis method is verified.This method lays a foundation for studying the friction performance of piston pair in the axial piston pump.