投入多、产出少、经济效益低下,是长期以来困扰我国经济发展的一大难题。从宏观上分析,除了长期以来经济建设指导思想上的急于求成,重产值、速度,轻质量、效益这一重要因素外,企业经济效益低下还有以下四方面原因。 (一)宏观经济环境不稳定。几十年来,我国经济一直在起伏中前进,每隔4—7年就出现一次波动,时冷时热,极端不利于企业提高经济效益。在过热的经济环境中,需求过旺供给不足,企业可以通过涨价等手段轻而易举地获取超额利润,掩盖了效益低下的问题,企业缺乏通过加强管理提高效益的外在压力。过热之后往往伴随着紧缩银根等降温措施,市场由波峰一下子跌入波谷,疲软随之出现,于是产生了产品积压滞销、企业大面积 More investment, less output, and low economic returns have been a major challenge that plagued the country’s economic development for a long time. From a macro-level analysis, in addition to the long-awaited economic development guiding ideology, the important factor of production value, speed, light weight, and efficiency, there are four reasons for the low economic returns of enterprises. (I) The macroeconomic environment is not stable. For decades, China’s economy has been in ups and downs in progress, once every 4-7 years there is a fluctuation, hot and cold, extremely detrimental to enterprises to improve economic efficiency. In the overheated economic environment, the demand is oversupplied and the supply is insufficient. Enterprises can easily obtain excess profits by means of price hikes, obscure the problem of inefficiency, and enterprises lack external pressure to enhance their efficiency through strengthening management. Overheating often accompanied by tightening measures such as silver root cooling, the market suddenly plunged into the trough from the peak, followed by weakness, so there is a backlog of product sales, large-scale enterprises