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when的含义和用法：
1. “当……的时候”。如 They learned a lot from the peasants when they stayed in the village.
他们住在那个村子时，从农民那里学到了许多东西。
It was snowing when he arrived at the station. 他到达车站时，天正下着雪。
2. 就在那时候 (= and then)
We were camping on the hill when it began to rain．
我们正在山上露营， 突然下起雨来了。
I was about to enter the room when the door was closed．
我正要进屋， 门忽然被关上了。
3. 倘若， 如果 (= if)
How can you hope for others’ help when you won’t lend your hand?
如果你不愿帮助别人， 又怎能指望得到别人的帮助呢?
Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong with the machine．
如果机器出故障的话， 把开关关掉。
4. 既然 (多置于主句后面， 语气不如since强)
I can’t tell you when you won’t listen．
既然你不愿意听， 我也不会告诉你。
Why leave it with me when you have enough time?
既然你有足够的时间， 干嘛把事情留给我?
5.虽然、然而、可是”，表示转折。例如：
He usually walks to work when he might take a bus. 虽然他可以坐公共汽车上班，但他却常常步行上班。
I had only twenty dollars when I needed thirty to buy the dictionary.
我需要 30 美元买那本字典，可是我只有 20 美元。
while的含义和用法：
1.作"当 …… 时候"解,指一段时间,不用来表示时间点。如:
While the old man was out, a thief entered the house. 老人出去时,小偷进了屋。
While in Taiyuan, he studied music and painting. 在太原时,他学习音乐和绘画。
Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。
2. 然而， 可是
I like coffee， while my sister likes tea．
我喜欢咖啡， 而我姐姐喜欢喝茶。
I was preparing for the exam while they were chatting．
我在准备考试， 可他们却在闲聊。
3.只要
While there is water, there is hope of life．
只要有水， 就有生存的希望。
I’ll offer help to those poor children while I’m alive．
只要我活着， 就要帮助那些贫困的孩子。
4.“尽管”“虽然”。如：
While the work was difficult, it was interesting. 虽然工作有难度，但很有趣。
While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you. 虽然我理解你的意思，但我还是不同意。
填填看：
1._____we left the house， he was still sitting in the garden．
2. I had my finger cut_____cooking in the kitchen yesterday．
3._____I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you．
4. We were boating on the lake_____suddenly someone cried for help．
5._____early settlers killed animals of this kind for food， the new settlers killed them for furs and skins．
6． We have only three books_____we need ten．
7． -I’m going to the post office．
-_____you’re there， can you get me some stamps?
A. As B. While C. Because D. If
参考答案：
1. When2. when / while3. While 4. when 5. While 6. when7. While
（陕西省洋县中学）
1. “当……的时候”。如 They learned a lot from the peasants when they stayed in the village.
他们住在那个村子时，从农民那里学到了许多东西。
It was snowing when he arrived at the station. 他到达车站时，天正下着雪。
2. 就在那时候 (= and then)
We were camping on the hill when it began to rain．
我们正在山上露营， 突然下起雨来了。
I was about to enter the room when the door was closed．
我正要进屋， 门忽然被关上了。
3. 倘若， 如果 (= if)
How can you hope for others’ help when you won’t lend your hand?
如果你不愿帮助别人， 又怎能指望得到别人的帮助呢?
Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong with the machine．
如果机器出故障的话， 把开关关掉。
4. 既然 (多置于主句后面， 语气不如since强)
I can’t tell you when you won’t listen．
既然你不愿意听， 我也不会告诉你。
Why leave it with me when you have enough time?
既然你有足够的时间， 干嘛把事情留给我?
5.虽然、然而、可是”，表示转折。例如：
He usually walks to work when he might take a bus. 虽然他可以坐公共汽车上班，但他却常常步行上班。
I had only twenty dollars when I needed thirty to buy the dictionary.
我需要 30 美元买那本字典，可是我只有 20 美元。
while的含义和用法：
1.作"当 …… 时候"解,指一段时间,不用来表示时间点。如:
While the old man was out, a thief entered the house. 老人出去时,小偷进了屋。
While in Taiyuan, he studied music and painting. 在太原时,他学习音乐和绘画。
Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。
2. 然而， 可是
I like coffee， while my sister likes tea．
我喜欢咖啡， 而我姐姐喜欢喝茶。
I was preparing for the exam while they were chatting．
我在准备考试， 可他们却在闲聊。
3.只要
While there is water, there is hope of life．
只要有水， 就有生存的希望。
I’ll offer help to those poor children while I’m alive．
只要我活着， 就要帮助那些贫困的孩子。
4.“尽管”“虽然”。如：
While the work was difficult, it was interesting. 虽然工作有难度，但很有趣。
While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you. 虽然我理解你的意思，但我还是不同意。
填填看：
1._____we left the house， he was still sitting in the garden．
2. I had my finger cut_____cooking in the kitchen yesterday．
3._____I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you．
4. We were boating on the lake_____suddenly someone cried for help．
5._____early settlers killed animals of this kind for food， the new settlers killed them for furs and skins．
6． We have only three books_____we need ten．
7． -I’m going to the post office．
-_____you’re there， can you get me some stamps?
A. As B. While C. Because D. If
参考答案：
1. When2. when / while3. While 4. when 5. While 6. when7. While
（陕西省洋县中学）