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目的探讨低剂量螺旋CT在早期肺癌筛查中的应用效果。方法选取2013年1月—2015年1月在本院接受筛查的500例患者作为研究对象。所有患者均采用低剂量螺旋CT和常规剂量螺旋CT进行筛查。将常规剂量螺旋CT进行筛查的结果计为对照组,采用低剂量螺旋CT进行筛查的结果计为观察组。记录并比较两组肺结节检出情况、PET检查阳性检出情况及辐射量等。计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果观察组CT加权剂量指数(CT dose index,CTDIw)、X射线每管旋转一周的管电流(mobile agent server,m As)、剂量长度乘积(dose-length product,DLP)、总m As、最大有效辐射量分别为(1.5±0.3)m Gy(19.0、±6.0)、(45±6)m Gy·cm、(460.0±67.0)、(0.82±0.12)m Sv,均明显低于对照组的(7.5±1.4)m Gy(84.0、±12.0)、(191±13)m Gy·cm、(1 425.0±32.5)、(4.00±0.80)m Sv,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论低剂量CT能有效保证检出率,降低辐射量,值得临床进一步推广应用。
Objective To investigate the effect of low-dose spiral CT in early lung cancer screening. Methods 500 patients undergoing screening in our hospital from January 2013 to January 2015 were selected as the research object. All patients were screened using low-dose spiral CT and conventional dose spiral CT. The results of conventional dose spiral CT screening were counted as control group, and the results of screening with low-dose spiral CT were counted as observation group. Record and compare the two groups of pulmonary nodules detected, PET positive examination and radiation detection. Measurement data using t test, count data using χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The CT dose index (CTDIw), mobile agent server (mAs), dose-length product (DLP), total mAs, maximum The effective radiation was (1.5 ± 0.3) m Gy (19.0 ± 6.0), (45 ± 6) m Gy · cm, (460.0 ± 67.0) and (0.82 ± 0.12) m Sv respectively, which were significantly lower than those of the control group (7.5 ± 1.4) m Gy (84.0 ± 12.0), (191 ± 13) m Gy · cm, (1 425.0 ± 32.5) and (4.00 ± 0.80) m Sv, respectively ). Conclusion Low-dose CT can effectively ensure the detection rate and reduce the radiation dose, which is worth further clinical application.