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油棕产量的提高,通常与施肥问题密切相关,尤其是在土壤养分易被淋失的多雨热带地区。一般来讲,油棕对养分的需要量较高,因而应该重视施肥。经验表明,磷肥是最重要的肥料。对幼龄油棕施氮、磷混合肥有显著的效应。在缺钾的第三纪土壤上种植油棕,应施钾肥,至少两年施一次。测定油棕对养分需要的方法,过去是用土壤分析法,而目前则倾向于应用叶片分析法或综合使用上述两法。但这些方法都是费时和费钱的,因此制定了一个油棕施肥方案。这个方案是根据若干年来在北苏门答腊油棕植区最主要土壤类型上的实际栽培经验而制定的。估计这个方案可作为北苏门答腊地区油棕施肥的指南。
The increase in oil palm production is often closely linked to fertilization problems, especially in the rainy tropical regions where soil nutrients are easily leached. In general, the high nutrient requirements of oil palm, which should pay attention to fertilization. Experience shows that phosphate fertilizer is the most important fertilizer. The young oil palm nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer have a significant effect. Planted oil palm in potash-depleted Tertiary soils should be potash applied at least once every two years. The method used to determine the nutrient requirements of oil palm, the past is the use of soil analysis, and now tend to use leaf analysis or a combination of these two methods. However, these methods are both time-consuming and expensive, and therefore a fertilizing program for oil palm has been developed. This program is based on years of practical cultivation experience in the most important soil types in North Sumatra Oil Palm Plantation. It is estimated that this scheme can be used as a guide for oil palm fertilization in North Sumatra.