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目的探求下消化道出血的病因及早期诊断方法。方法对下消化道出血62例采用急诊纤维结肠镜检查。结果发现可能出血病灶47例(75.8%),其中有活动出血或近期出血39例(83.0%),见到出血各次疾病中,非特异性溃疡性结肠炎17例(27.4%),大肠息肉10例(16.1%),恶性肿瘤5例(8.1%),痔4例(6.5%),急性肠黏膜病变3例(4.8%),血管畸形1例(1.6%),阿米巴痢疾1例(1.6%)。慢性结肠炎8例,结肠媳室1例,观察不清4例,未见病变8例。同时镜下局部喷洒止血药物16例,电凝止血8例。结论对下消化道出血的早期诊断首选结肠镜检查,熟悉下消化道出血的病因特点、掌握纤维结肠镜操作技术,可提高诊断率。
Objective To explore the etiology and early diagnosis of lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods 62 cases of lower gastrointestinal bleeding using emergency colonoscopy. The results showed that hemorrhagic lesions in 47 cases (75.8%), including active bleeding or recent hemorrhage in 39 cases (83.0%), to see bleeding in various diseases, non-specific ulcerative colitis in 17 cases (27.4%), colorectal polyps 10 (16.1%), malignant tumor in 5 cases (8.1%), hemorrhoids in 4 cases (6.5%), acute intestinal mucosal lesions in 3 cases (4.8%), vascular malformations in 1 case (1.6%) and amoebic dysentery in 1 case 1.6%). Chronic colitis in 8 cases, 1 case of the law in the colon, 4 cases were not observed, no lesions in 8 cases. At the same time, there were 16 cases of local spraying hemostatic drugs and 8 cases of electrocautery hemostasis. Conclusion The preferred colonoscopy for early diagnosis of lower gastrointestinal bleeding, familiar with the etiology and characteristics of lower gastrointestinal bleeding, to master the operation of fiber colonoscopy, can improve the diagnostic rate.