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目的分析2008年万州区某镇农村因聚餐引起食源性0139群霍乱暴发流行的原因及传染来源,为霍乱防治提供科学依据。方法用现患调查方法,描述霍乱患者发病情况,利用个案调查表、调查登记表、实验室检测结果、现场卫生学调查资料进行流行病学分析。结果本次暴发流行始于2008年7月28日,止于2008年8月4日,暴露人口742人,发病4例,罹患率为0.49%,无死亡病例;检出带菌者114例;感染率为14.39%(119/813)。最小年龄11月龄,最大86岁。7月31日,区疾病预防控制中心从酒楼的熟食菜刀采样检出O139霍乱弧菌,通过流行病学调查发现,一带菌者是由于进食了家人从该酒楼带回的凉菜(香酥金鸭)后而被感染,证明酒楼加工的凉菜已被O139群霍乱污染。结论本次霍乱暴发流行的原因为集体性聚餐,传播途径为经食物传播,传染来源不明。
Objective To analyze the causes of epidemic of food-borne 0139 cholera in rural area of a town of Wanzhou District in 2008 and the sources of infection, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of cholera. Methods The prevalence survey method was used to describe the incidence of cholera patients. Epidemiological analysis was conducted by using case investigation form, registration form, laboratory test results and on-site hygiene survey data. Results The outbreak started on July 28, 2008 and ended on August 4, 2008, with a population of 742 and a total of 4 incidences and an attack rate of 0.49%. There were no deaths and 114 carriers were detected. The rate was 14.39% (119/813). The youngest age of 11 months old, maximum 86 years old. On July 31, the district CDC sampled Vibrio cholera O139 from the cooked kitchen knives of the restaurant. According to the epidemiological survey, it was found that a carrier was caused by eating the cold dishes brought home from the restaurant ) After being infected, proving that the processed cold dish at the restaurant has been contaminated by the cholera group O139. Conclusion The reason for the outbreak of cholera outbreak is that it is a mass meal. The route of transmission is through food and the source of infection is unknown.