目的分析2011-2015年福建省国家级监测点漳州市芗城区农村人群土源性线虫感染情况。方法于2011-2015年将漳州市芗城区按东、西、南、北、中5个片区划分,随机选择大寨村、秋坑村、山美村、甘棠村和浦林村等5个村为监测点,应用改良加藤厚涂片法检查土源性线虫感染情况,透明胶纸肛拭法检查3~12周岁儿童蛲虫(Enterobius vermicularis)感染情况。随机数字表法收集75户家庭的蔬菜园、果园及其他种植地的土壤标本进行钩蚴培养分离,并鉴定虫种。结果共检查芗城区5个村5 352人,检出土源性线虫感染者572例,总感染率为10.7%。2011-2015年感染率分别为14.3%(146/1 022)、14.7%(155/1 052)、4.0%(42/1 053)、7.3%(78/1 067)和13.0%(151/1 158)。人群土源性线虫感染以钩虫(Ancylostoma sp.)为主,感染率为5.9%(318/5 352),其中2011年的感染率最高,为10.8%(110/1 022)。2012-2015年钩虫感染率分别为6.2%(65/1 052)、1.4%(15/1 053)、3.2%(34/1 067)、8.1%(94/1 158),均为轻度感染。蛔虫(Ascaris lumbricoides)感染仅2012年查出2例,均为轻度感染。鞭虫(Trichuris trichiura)感染分别于2012、2014、2015年查出1、1、2例,均为轻度感染。儿童蛲虫感染共检查668人,感染率为37.1%(248/668),其中2014年的感染率最低,为27.7%(43/155),2012年最高,为56.5%(87/154)。男性土源性线虫感染率为11.6%(300/2 595),高于女性的9.9%(272/2 757)(P<0.05)。除<15岁年龄组外(该组以蛲虫感染为主),其余各年龄组的土源性线虫感染率随着年龄增长逐渐升高,15~24岁年龄组最低,为1.9%(5/266),>65岁年龄组最高,为11.0%(98/889)(P<0.05)。不同职业分布中,农民、学生和学前儿童的感染率分别为7.1%(321/4 521)、21.8%(122/559)和47.4%(129/272)。不同文化水平中,以文盲或半文盲、小学为主,感染率分别为23.9%(245/1 025)和11.9%(238/1 995);感染率随受教育程度升高而降低,差异有统计学意义(χ2=308.16,P<0.05)。检测土壤标本75份,钩蚴阳性19份,2011年大寨村土壤中钩蚴分离份数最多,为10份;钩蚴经鉴定均为美洲钩虫(Necator americanus)。结论 2011-2015年芗城区农村人群土源性线虫感染率呈下降趋势,但儿童蛲虫感染仍维持较高的水平。 Objective To analyze the prevalence of soil-borne nematodes among rural population in Xiangcheng District, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province, China from 2011 to 2015. Methods From 2011 to 2015, the five districts of Dazhaocun, Qiukeng, Shanmei, Kom Tong and Pulunlin were selected randomly in Xiangcheng District of Zhangzhou City according to the five regions of East, West, South, North and Central. As the monitoring point, the infection of soil-borne nematodes was examined by the modified Kato thick smear method, and the Enterobius vermicularis infection of children aged 3 ~ 12 years was examined by the translucent adhesive tape anal swab method. Random number table collected from 75 households in the vegetable garden, orchard and other planting soil samples were cultured on the separation and identification of insect species. Results A total of 5 352 people were detected in 5 villages in Tancheng District. 572 cases of soil-borne nematode infection were detected, with a total infection rate of 10.7%. The infection rates in 2011-2015 were 14.3% (146/1 022), 14.7% (155/1 052), 4.0% (42/1 053), 7.3% (78/1 067) and 13.0% (151/1 158). The population of soil-borne nematodes was mainly Ancylostoma sp. The infection rate was 5.9% (318/5 352), of which the infection rate was the highest in 2011 (10.8% (110/1 022)). The rates of hookworm infection in 2012-2015 were 6.2% (65/1 052), 1.4% (15/1 053), 3.2% (34/1 067), 8.1% (94/1 158) . Ascaris lumbricoides infection was detected in only 2 cases in 2012, all of which were mild infections. Trichuris trichiura infections were detected in 1, 1 and 2 cases in 2012, 2014 and 2015 respectively, all of which were mild infections. A total of 668 infections were detected in children, with an infection rate of 37.1% (248/668). Among them, the infection rate was the lowest in 2014 at 27.7% (43/155) and in 2012 the highest was 56.5% (87/154). The prevalence of soil-borne nematodes in men was 11.6% (300/2 595), higher than that of 9.9% (272/2 757) of women (P <0.05). The infection rate of soil-borne nematodes in each of the remaining age groups increased gradually with age, except for the <15-year-old group (the group was mainly infected with pinworm), while the lowest in the age group of 15-24 years was 1.9% (5 / 266), and the highest in the> 65 age group was 11.0% (98/889) (P <0.05). In different occupations, the infection rates of peasants, students and pre-school children were 7.1% (321/4 521), 21.8% (122/559) and 47.4% (129/272), respectively. Among the different levels of education, illiterate or semi-illiterate primary school dominated the infection rates of 23.9% (245/1 025) and 11.9% (238/1 995), respectively. The prevalence of infection decreased with the education level increasing Significance (χ2 = 308.16, P <0.05). The soil samples were collected from 75 specimens and 19 specimens of nematophagocysts. In 2010, the majority of the isolated specimens were E.coli. Conclusion The prevalence of soil-borne nematodes in rural population in Xiangcheng District shows a decreasing trend from 2011 to 2015, but the prevalence of pinworm infection in children remains high.