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蒸散是地球表层物质循环与能量交换过程的重要组成部分,了解其时空特征和影响因素具有重要的科学意义。以鄱阳湖流域为研究区,基于Wa SSI-C生态水文模型,利用气象数据、叶面积指数数据和土壤数据等估算1983-2011年鄱阳湖流域蒸散,分析其时空特征,并通过情景模拟定量分析植被恢复和气候变化对蒸散的影响。研究表明:鄱阳湖流域蒸散多年均值变化范围为741~914 mm/a,植被和降水量分布是造成流域蒸散空间差异的主要原因;近三十年来鄱阳湖流域蒸散呈阶段性增长趋势,增长率为1.495 mm/a;植被、气温和降水对鄱阳湖流域蒸散的单独影响均为正向,但气温和降水的联合效应会导致蒸散下降;鄱阳湖流域蒸散变化的主导因素具有空间差异性,从整体上看,植被恢复是驱动蒸散呈增加趋势的主要原因,而气候变化是导致蒸散年际波动的主要原因。
Evapotranspiration is an important part of the process of material circulation and energy exchange on the surface of the Earth. Understanding its temporal and spatial features and influencing factors is of important scientific significance. Based on the Wa SSI-C eco-hydrological model, the Poyang Lake Basin was used as a study area to estimate the temporal and spatial characteristics of Poyang Lake Basin from 1983 to 2011 by using meteorological data, leaf area index data and soil data. The spatial and temporal characteristics of the Poyang Lake Basin were analyzed and analyzed quantitatively Impacts of vegetation restoration and climate change on evapotranspiration. The results show that the mean annual evapotranspiration of Poyang Lake Basin ranges from 741 to 914 mm / a over many years, and the distribution of vegetation and precipitation is the main reason for the spatial variation of evapotranspiration. Poyang Lake Basin evapotranspiration shows a gradual increase in the last three decades. The growth rate And 1.495 mm / a respectively. The individual effects of vegetation, air temperature and precipitation on the evapotranspiration in the Poyang Lake Basin are both positive, but the combined effect of temperature and precipitation will lead to the decrease of evapotranspiration. The dominant factors of evapotranspiration in the Poyang Lake Basin have spatial differences. On the whole, vegetation restoration is the main reason for driving evapotranspiration increasing, and climate change is the main reason leading to interannual fluctuation of evapotranspiration.