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目的探讨乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染的危险因素,了解人群乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)认知行为状况。方法选取2011年5月—2012年4月在昆山市第一人民医院就诊的HBV感染者(HBV感染组)及非感染者(对照组)各200人进行问卷调查,并分析人群乙肝认知情况及HBV感染危险因素。结果 HBV感染组关于HBV是否能通过血液传播(91.50%)和性途径传播(82.00%)2个知识知晓率高于对照组84.50%和73.50%(P<0.05),乙肝疫苗能预防HBV感染的知晓率为77.00%低于对照组87.00%(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,无乙肝疫苗接种史、外地户籍、有手术外伤史和文化程度低是HBV感染的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论应针对HBV感染危险因素,采用群众更易接受的方式开展宣传教育,提高其知晓率与防病水平。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and to understand the cognitive behavior of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in population. Methods A total of 200 HBV infected patients (HBV infection group) and 200 non-infected patients (control group) were selected from the First People’s Hospital of Kunshan City from May 2011 to April 2012 to conduct a questionnaire survey and analyze the cognition of hepatitis B And risk factors of HBV infection. Results The awareness of HBV infection in two groups was higher than that in control group (91.50%) and sexual transmission (82.00%), 84.50% and 73.50% (P <0.05) respectively. Hepatitis B vaccine could prevent HBV infection The awareness rate was 77.00% lower than the control group 87.00% (P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that no history of hepatitis B vaccination, foreign domicile, a history of surgical trauma and a low educational level are risk factors for HBV infection (P <0.05). Conclusions Aiming at the risk factors of HBV infection, publicity and education should be carried out in a more acceptable way by the masses so as to raise their awareness and prevention level.