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针对四氯化硅泄漏后形成的重气云的三维大气扩散与反应转化过程采用计算流体力学进行模拟,研究了四氯化硅气体与水蒸气反应过程中不同时刻四氯化硅、氯化氢等有毒物质的空间分布与转化情形。四氯化硅受重力作用下沉并向周围扩展,迎风面处的四氯化硅下沉触碰到地面后向上风侧移动,但主体向下风向迁移。反应主要发生在气团外层,生成的毒害性氯化氢覆盖范围较四氯化硅广泛,反应物和生成物在近地面的质量分数较大;水解反应消耗水分导致脱水效应和反应放热升温,会对该区域生态造成严重危害。研究了空气湿度和风速对四氯化硅迁移转化的影响。空气湿度对四氯化硅质量分数影响较小,主要影响生成物的质量分数变化,湿度越大氯化氢质量分数越高。风速主要影响反应物和生成物达到质量分数分布波峰的时间,风速越大,高质量分数氯化氢的存在时间越短。
Aiming at the three-dimensional atmospheric diffusion and reaction transformation of heavy gas cloud formed after the leakage of silicon tetrachloride, the computational fluid dynamics simulation was used to study the toxicity of silicon tetrachloride and hydrogen chloride at different time during the reaction between silicon tetrachloride gas and water vapor The spatial distribution and transformation of matter. Silicon tetrachloride sinks by the force of gravity and expands to the periphery. The silicon tetrachloride on the windward surface sinks and touches the ground and moves toward the upwind side, but the body migrates downwind. The reaction occurred mainly in the outer layer of the air mass. The generated toxic hydrogen chloride covers a wider range than silicon tetrachloride, and the mass fraction of reactants and products on the ground is relatively large. The hydrolysis reaction consumes water to cause dehydration and reaction exotherm. The ecology of the region poses a serious hazard. The effects of air humidity and wind speed on the migration and conversion of silicon tetrachloride were studied. Air humidity had a small effect on the mass fraction of silicon tetrachloride, which mainly affected the mass fraction of the product. The higher the humidity, the higher the mass fraction of hydrogen chloride. Wind speed mainly affects the time when the reactants and products reach the peak of the mass fraction distribution. The greater the wind speed, the shorter the existence time of the high-quality fraction hydrogen chloride.