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1976年,阿根廷基于市场的放松管制、金融霸权的积累及政权的军事政变给经济引入了新的模式,这大大改变了国家的经济结构和工人阶级的生活条件。随着军政府与经济团体的伙伴关系的建立,从1983年底到20世纪末,在多届民主政府巩固深化的基础上,呈现出新的经济危机和社会秩序。2001年,阿根廷遭受历时很短的经济危机和社会危机,其结果是充满戏剧性的。在15天内,有五位总统放弃大部分债务违约和兑换计划。阿根廷的经济出现了180度的大转变,竟然实现了8%的经济平均年增长率,这一个持续增长的过程在该国的历史上是史无前例的。伴随而来的是超过400万个就业机会,从而促使失业率和非充分就业率的显著减少。尽管近几年的增长和就业表现出色,收入分配却在近年来经历着重大变化。在此背景下,本文的目的是分析就业和收入分配之间的关系。首先,分析着眼于最近几年的经济增长、就业和收入分配;其次,澄清在什么条件下的经济增长和就业的良性循环可能不会对收入分配和变量之间的关系产生重大的影响;最后,工人阶级在未来几年面临的主要挑战。
In 1976, Argentina’s market-based deregulation, the accumulation of financial hegemony and the military coup of the regime introduced a new model to the economy that greatly changed the country’s economic structure and working-class living conditions. With the establishment of the partnership between the junta and economic groups, from the end of 1983 to the end of the 20th century, on the basis of the consolidation and deepening of the democratic governments, many new economic crises and social order have emerged. In 2001, Argentina suffered a very short period of economic crisis and social crisis, and the result was dramatic. Within 15 days, five presidents gave up most of their debt default and exchange plans. Argentina’s economy has undergone a major 180-degree shift and it has achieved an average annual economic growth rate of 8%. This continuous process of growth has been unprecedented in the history of the country. More than four million jobs have been followed, leading to a significant reduction in unemployment and under-employment. Despite the excellent growth and employment in recent years, income distribution has undergone major changes in recent years. Against this background, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between employment and income distribution. First, the analysis looks at economic growth, employment and income distribution in recent years. Second, clarifying under what conditions a virtuous circle of economic growth and employment may not have a significant impact on the relationship between income distribution and variables. Finally, The main challenge the working class faces in the coming years.