论文部分内容阅读
目的分析湖南省流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)流行病学特征、动态变化趋势及综合监测结果,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,分析湖南省1951-2013年乙脑流行病学特征;用SPSS 13.0软件统计分析乙脑监测点媒介蚊虫和宿主动物的监测资料;用ELISA法检测宿主血清乙脑Ig G抗体。结果 1951-2013年湖南省乙脑疫情经历上升期、流行期、稳定期、逐步下降期和低水平期,目前发病率维持在低水平状态;发病时间主要集中在6-8月,呈现以低年龄组为主的发病模式,0~14岁年龄组病例占98.11%,病例主要分布在湖南省的西部和南部,在监测病例中,无免疫史和免疫史不详的占66.89%;监测点三带喙库蚊为优势蚊种,湖南省三带喙库蚊密度季节消长与乙脑疫情呈正相关关系,与宿主动物(猪)乙脑病毒感染率呈正相关关系,猪乙脑抗体50.00%阳转率出现时间比人群发病高峰提前1个月。结论高乙脑疫苗接种率,加强乙脑病例、宿主动物和媒介蚊虫的监测,大力开展爱国卫生运动,消灭蚊虫孳生环境是控制湖南省乙脑疫情的关键。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics, dynamic changes and comprehensive monitoring results of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in Hunan Province and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis from 1951 to 2013 in Hunan Province. The monitoring data of mosquitoes and host animals at JE monitoring sites were analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software. The serum encephalitogenic Ig G antibody. Results The epidemic situation of Japanese encephalitis in Hunan Province from 1951 to 2013 experienced a rising phase, a prevailing phase, a stable phase, a gradual decline phase and a low level, and the current incidence remained at a low level. The onset time mainly concentrated in June to August, Age-based morbidity patterns accounted for 98.11% of patients in the age group of 0-14 years old. The cases were mainly located in the western and southern Hunan Provinces. In the surveillance cases, no immunization history and immunization history accounted for 66.89% The dominant mosquito species were Culex tritaeniorhynchus. The seasonal fluctuation of density of Culex tritaeniorhynchus in Hunan was positively correlated with the epidemic of Japanese encephalitis, and positively correlated with the infection rate of Japanese encephalitis virus Rate of emergence than the peak incidence of the crowd one month earlier. Conclusions The key to controlling the epidemic situation of Japanese encephalitis in Hunan Province is to conclude that it is necessary to monitor the coverage of high-dose Japanese encephalitis vaccine, strengthen the surveillance of Japanese encephalitis cases, host animals and vector mosquitoes, vigorously carry out patriotic health campaigns and eliminate the mosquito breeding environment.