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From ancient to present,liver has always been a mystery and magical organ.As the largest glandular organ of the body,liver has many vital functions.Its regenerative capabilities and functional reservation allow major resection of up to 80%of its volume.Many diseases,such as liver cancer,cirrhosis and hepatolithiasis Can affect liver,and the mainstay of curative treatment is liver resection.Technological advances play an important role in modern surgery,and a new surgical paradigm characterized by precision has evolved.Recently,we haveadvocated the concept of"precise hepatectomy"on the basis of modem anatomy,physiology,oncology,imaging and surgical techniques,which is characterized by minimal invasion,liversaving and maximally restoration of liver function.Related subjects,including computer sciences,imaging and information are needed to be combined to create a new alliance of treatment.Although,there are still many theoretical and technical problems about liver resection and liver function preservation.With the development of science and technology,precise hepatectomy will further improve the outcomes of liver surgery.