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源自西方的消费合作理论被近代中国知识分子当成救国救民思想广加传播,但在译介合作思想过程中,消费合作社、合作主义、合作社等概念多被混用。五四时期,消费合作思想从理论走向实践层面,并建立了具有一定影响力的城市消费合作组织,但大多以失败而告终,这主要是政府多方阻挠,实践者缺乏工作能力,人事变更频繁,资金周转不灵,缺乏法规保护与多数农民没有需求的结果。尽管如此,消费合作理论的传播及实践却为国民政府推进合作运动奠定了基础。
The theory of consumer cooperation originating from the West has been widely disseminated by modern Chinese intellectuals as the idea of saving the country and saving the people. However, the concepts of consumer cooperatives, cooperatives and cooperatives are often mixed in the process of translating and introducing cooperation. During the May 4th Movement, the idea of consumer cooperation moved from theory to practice and established an influential urban consumer cooperative organization, but most of them ended in failure. This was mainly due to the government’s obstruction, lack of work ability of practitioners, frequent personnel changes, Insufficient capital flow, the lack of laws and regulations to protect the results and most farmers do not demand. Nevertheless, the spread and practice of the theory of consumer cooperation laid the foundation for the national government to push forward the cooperative movement.