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脂肪干细胞(adipose-derived stem cells,ADSCs)是一类从脂肪分离出来的具有自我更新及多向分化潜能的成体干细胞,ADSCs具有高度的可塑性,可分化成多种类型的细胞。与其他干细胞相比,ADSCs具有来源充足,取材方便,供体易接受等独特优势,已成为基础医学及临床治疗的研究热点。ADSCs诱导分化和移植可有效治疗多种组织损伤性疾病,改善或修复器官功能,近年来ADSCs作为细胞疗法及组织工程的新型种子细胞在泌尿系统疾病治疗中取得了重大进展。本文重点讨论ADSCs的生物学特性及其在泌尿系统疾病中的应用前景。
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are a group of adult stem cells that have self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation potential isolated from fat. ADSCs are highly plastic and can differentiate into many types of cells. Compared with other stem cells, ADSCs have unique advantages such as abundant sources, easy access, easy donor acceptance and so on, which has become a research hotspot in basic medicine and clinical treatment. ADSCs induced differentiation and transplantation can effectively treat a variety of tissue damage diseases, improve or repair organ function. In recent years, ADSCs as cell therapy and tissue engineering of new seed cells in the treatment of urinary system disease has made significant progress. This article focuses on the biological characteristics of ADSCs and its application in urological diseases.