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目的 探讨纵隔五分区法在纵隔占位病变定位定性诊断中的应用价值。方法 回顾性分析108例经手术病理证实的纵隔肿块患者的胸部平片和CT图像,按照五分区法统计不同性质病变在纵隔各区的分布情况。结果 前上纵隔主要分布有胸腺肿瘤和淋巴结肿大,前下纵隔分布有胸腺肿瘤、畸胎类肿瘤和心包囊肿,后纵隔只集中神经源性肿瘤1种。85.7％胸内甲状腺肿居中上纵隔,全部的支气管囊肿、食道肿瘤、胸主动脉瘤、隔疝、脂肪瘤和88％的淋巴结肿大分布在中纵隔。结论 纵隔五分区法简便易记,在胸部平片和CT图像上划线标记明确,以五分区法定位为基础,结合影像征象,能更准确地对纵隔占位病变作出定性诊断。
Objective To explore the value of mediastinal five-zone method in the qualitative diagnosis of mediastinal space-occupying lesions. Methods A retrospective analysis of 108 cases of mediastinum mass confirmed by surgery and pathology was performed on plain and CT images of the chest. The distribution of different types of lesions in the mediastinum was calculated according to the five-partition method. Results The anterior mediastinum mainly had thymus tumor and lymph node enlargement. Thymus tumor, teratoid tumor and pericardial cyst were found in the anterior mediastinum. Only one neurogenic tumor was found in the posterior mediastinum. 85.7% of the thoracic thyroid gland in the mediastinum, all of the bronchial cyst, esophageal tumors, thoracic aortic aneurysm, septal hernia, lipoma and 88% of the lymph nodes in the mediastinum. Conclusion The method of mediastinum five-partition method is simple and easy to remember. It has a clear marking on the plain radiographs and CT images. Based on the five-location method and the image signs, the diagnosis of mediastinal mass lesions can be more accurately diagnosed.