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目的了解大鼠下腔静脉血栓模型造模后不同时间血栓长度及重量变化,探讨血栓开始形成、稳定发展、消退病变分期。方法取健康雌性SD大鼠48只,体重180~230 g,采用狭窄法制备下腔静脉血栓模型。造模后2、4、8、12、24、48 h及3、7、21 d开腹观察,取材,测量血栓长度和重量,并行组织学观察。结果造模后2 h开始有血栓形成,2、4 h血栓长度和重量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);6 h血栓长度和重量显著上升,6、8、12、24、48 h与2、4 h时比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),6、8、12、24、48 h内各时间点间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),进入稳定期;造模后3 d血栓开始消退,血栓长度、重量较术后48 h均显著降低(P<0.05);7 d血栓长度、重量较3 d时进一步降低(P<0.05);21 d未观察到血栓,下腔静脉再通。HE染色示造模后2 h有血栓形成;6~48 h,随造模时间延长,管腔内充血加剧,并有炎性细胞浸润,以中性粒细胞为主;3 d可观察到血栓机化现象;7 d机化现象进一步加剧;21 d血栓和机化的肉芽组织均已消退。结论大鼠狭窄法造模结束至造模后6 h是血栓形成的起始期,造模后6~48 h是血栓形成的稳定期,造模后3 d进入血栓消退期,至21 d血栓完全消退,下腔静脉再通。
Objective To investigate the changes of thrombus length and weight at different time after modeling of rat model of inferior vena cava thrombosis and to discuss the staging of thrombus formation, stable development and regression. Methods 48 healthy female Sprague Dawley rats weighing 180-230 g were prepared. The inferior vena cava thrombosis model was prepared by the stenosis method. After 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 h and 3, 7 and 21 d after model establishment, the rats were sacrificed and the thrombus length and weight were measured. Histological observation was performed. Results Thrombus formation began 2 h after modeling, and there was no significant difference in the length and weight of thrombus at 2 and 4 h (P> 0.05). The length and weight of thrombus increased significantly at 6 h, 6, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the time points of 6, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h (P> 0.05) Thrombosis began to subside on the 3rd day after modeling, and the length and weight of thrombus decreased significantly (P <0.05) compared with 48 hours after operation. The length and weight of thrombus on the 7th day were further decreased (P <0.05) To the thrombus, recanalization of the inferior vena cava. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed thrombosis at 2 h after modeling. At 6 to 48 h, the intraluminal hyperemia intensified with inflammatory cell infiltration and predominantly neutrophils at 6 to 48 h, and thrombus was observed at 3 d Mechanization phenomenon; 7 d machine phenomenon further intensified; 21 d thrombosis and machine-made granulation tissue have subsided. Conclusion The rat model of stenosis at the end of 6th hour after modeling is the initial stage of thrombosis. The thrombosis is stable at 6 to 48 hours after model establishment. Thrombus disappears at 3 days after model establishment, Subsidence, recanalization of the inferior vena cava.