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目的计算2014年四川省居民肝癌、糖尿病、脑出血、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(CPOD)、脑梗死、风湿性心脏病、乳腺癌、肺癌、结直肠癌、食管癌、道路交通事故、自杀等20种疾病的死亡率及疾病负担,以评价疾病对社会及人群所致危害程度的大小。方法采用减寿年数(potential years of life lost,PYLL)指标作为反映疾病负担的量化指标,分析PYLL的性别分布和城乡分布。结果前5位死亡率依次是COPD、脑出血、缺血性心脏病、肺癌和肝癌,而每千人均的PLYY损失前5位是肝癌、肺癌、脑出血、道路交通事故和COPD;虽然肝癌和道路交通事故的死亡率不是很高,居第5位(死亡率为29.93/10万)和第10位(死亡率为12.31/10万),但是带来的疾病负担较重,分别居第1位(每千人均损失4.12个PLYY)和第4位(每千人均损失3.32个PLYY);男性人群中疾病负担前3位疾病分别是肝癌、肺癌和脑出血,女性人群疾病负担前3位是脑出血、肺癌和COPD;城市疾病负担严重的前3位是肺癌、肝癌和道路交通事故,农村前3位是脑出血、肝癌和肺癌。结论慢性病是四川省居民的主要死因,恶性肿瘤已经成为影响人们健康的头号杀手,道路交通事故造成的影响不容忽视,尤其是城市人群,艾滋病对农村的影响高于城市。
Objective To calculate the incidence of liver cancer, diabetes mellitus, cerebral hemorrhage, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (CPOD), cerebral infarction, rheumatic heart disease, breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, road traffic accidents and suicide in 2014 in Sichuan province. The mortality and disease burden of diseases are evaluated in order to assess the extent of the harm caused to the society and the population by the disease. Methods PYLL was used as a quantitative indicator to reflect the burden of disease, and the gender distribution and urban-rural distribution of PYLL were analyzed. Results The first five deaths were COPD, ICH, ischemic heart disease, lung cancer and liver cancer, with the top five PLYY losses per 1000 population being liver cancer, lung cancer, cerebral hemorrhage, road traffic accidents and COPD; although liver cancer and The death toll of road traffic accidents is not high, ranking No. 5 (with a mortality rate of 29.93 / 100,000) and No.10 (with a mortality rate of 12.31 / 100,000), but the heavy burden of diseases is the number one (4.12 PLYY per 1,000 deaths) and 4 (3.32 PLYYs lost per 1,000); the top 3 diseases in the male population were liver cancer, lung cancer and cerebral hemorrhage, respectively, and the top three in the female population were Intracerebral hemorrhage, lung cancer and COPD; the top three cities with severe disease burden were lung cancer, liver cancer and road traffic accidents. The top 3 rural areas were cerebral hemorrhage, liver cancer and lung cancer. Conclusion Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death among residents in Sichuan Province. Malignant tumors have become the number one killer affecting people’s health. The impact of road traffic accidents can not be ignored. Especially in urban areas, AIDS affects rural areas more than urban areas.