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[摘 要]写作是英语综合能力的体现,运用恰当的写作策略和形式多样的强化训练,才能有效提升英语写作能力。就如何来提高英语写作能力谈了几点体会。
[关键词]英语写作 策略 训练
[中图分类号] G633.41 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 16746058(2016)040041
目前,中学生英语写作能力总体还比较薄弱,英语写作在英语学习乃至高考中占着不可忽视的位置。如何提高英语写作表达能力并非一件易事,笔者的体会是:
一、练好内功,夯实基础
1.背诵佳句佳作
背诵所学课文中的典型佳句,佳作对提高英语写作能力帮助极大,要做到脱口而出,经过日积月累,积少成多,学生在写作时会自然地写出地道、符合英语习惯的句子,也就得心应手。
2.拓展拆并句子
句子的推展(develop)和结合(combine)要特别注意过渡词(transitional words) 的使用,如果能在写作中做到长句和短句相互补充,文章就会显得错落有致,语言表现力也会增强,让学生明白,要写出好的英语句子不能一味停留在“主系表”和“主谓宾”等简单句结构的句子层面上,还应学会运用“分词”,“连词”和“从句”等较复杂的语言结构,这样做会促进学生熟练掌握语言的表达能力。
3.缩写改写课文
在介绍课文时,把关键词写在黑板上,然后要求学生连词成句,连句成篇。缩写课文的重点在于培养学生客观上总结、概括的思维能力和阅读能力,尤其重要的是训练学生连句成段,连段成篇的基本写作能力;改写课文通常是把一篇结构复杂,语言较难理解的短文用简单易懂的句子表达原文的内容,通过改写,可以帮助学生掌握基本语法和基本词汇,避免语言错误,为写好作文打好基础,同时加深学生对课文的理解和培养其写作能力。
二、讲究方法,“四能”互补
“ 听、说、读、写”四种能力是密不可分,相辅相成的,也是互为目的和手段的。 教师应从平时的教学中多方面寻找对策,可采用阅读默写法,先议后写法,听后笔述法,有目的地采用各种教学手段,加强对学生写作能力的训练。
三、加强指导,模仿为主
教师要有意识地加强对学生写作策略的指导,让他们在学习和运用英语的过程中逐步学会如何写作。教师可以从阅读、分析和模仿范文开始,从遣词,造句,组段,谋篇等几个方面进行具体指导。如:
(一)范文阅读
Ann likes sports very much.She goes cycling twice a week and often goes mountain climbing on Sundays.She spends half an hour doing exercise in the gym every day, she learns basketball on Saturdays,and now she plays it pretty well.She is also good at jumping.There is going to be a school sports meeting next weekend. She is going to take part in the high jump and the long jump.Her classmates are going to cheer her on.They are sure that she will win.
(二)范文分析
1.語篇结构分析
主题句:Ann likes sports very much.
支撑句:①She goes cycling...
②She spends...
③She learns...
④She is also good at...
2.语言形式分析
动词短语:go cycling,mountain climbing,do exercise, play basketball,is good at jumping.
连词的运用:and, also
一般将来时的运用:be going to be/do
代词的使用:she,her,they
(三)独立模仿写作
Writing work:Write a passage about your favorite sport.The following questions may help you.
问题一:What sports do you like?
问题二:What is your favorite sport?Why?
问题三:How often do you do it?
问题四:Who is your favorite player?Why?
1.遣词造句
(1)and 的连词用法
例句:She goes cycling twice a week and often goes mountain Climbing on Sunday.
仿句:I play football once a week and go skiing in winter.
(2)用主语 like描述人的穿着
例句:Ann likes sports very much.
仿句:I like sports a lot . I am wearing a red cap.
2.组段成篇
写作是一个由浅入深,由易到难,由简到繁的训练过程,只要教师平时对学生的写作策略给予高度的重视,并帮助学生形成有效的写作策略,学生的写作能力定会得到有效的培养和提高。
(责任编辑 李 璐)
[关键词]英语写作 策略 训练
[中图分类号] G633.41 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 16746058(2016)040041
目前,中学生英语写作能力总体还比较薄弱,英语写作在英语学习乃至高考中占着不可忽视的位置。如何提高英语写作表达能力并非一件易事,笔者的体会是:
一、练好内功,夯实基础
1.背诵佳句佳作
背诵所学课文中的典型佳句,佳作对提高英语写作能力帮助极大,要做到脱口而出,经过日积月累,积少成多,学生在写作时会自然地写出地道、符合英语习惯的句子,也就得心应手。
2.拓展拆并句子
句子的推展(develop)和结合(combine)要特别注意过渡词(transitional words) 的使用,如果能在写作中做到长句和短句相互补充,文章就会显得错落有致,语言表现力也会增强,让学生明白,要写出好的英语句子不能一味停留在“主系表”和“主谓宾”等简单句结构的句子层面上,还应学会运用“分词”,“连词”和“从句”等较复杂的语言结构,这样做会促进学生熟练掌握语言的表达能力。
3.缩写改写课文
在介绍课文时,把关键词写在黑板上,然后要求学生连词成句,连句成篇。缩写课文的重点在于培养学生客观上总结、概括的思维能力和阅读能力,尤其重要的是训练学生连句成段,连段成篇的基本写作能力;改写课文通常是把一篇结构复杂,语言较难理解的短文用简单易懂的句子表达原文的内容,通过改写,可以帮助学生掌握基本语法和基本词汇,避免语言错误,为写好作文打好基础,同时加深学生对课文的理解和培养其写作能力。
二、讲究方法,“四能”互补
“ 听、说、读、写”四种能力是密不可分,相辅相成的,也是互为目的和手段的。 教师应从平时的教学中多方面寻找对策,可采用阅读默写法,先议后写法,听后笔述法,有目的地采用各种教学手段,加强对学生写作能力的训练。
三、加强指导,模仿为主
教师要有意识地加强对学生写作策略的指导,让他们在学习和运用英语的过程中逐步学会如何写作。教师可以从阅读、分析和模仿范文开始,从遣词,造句,组段,谋篇等几个方面进行具体指导。如:
(一)范文阅读
Ann likes sports very much.She goes cycling twice a week and often goes mountain climbing on Sundays.She spends half an hour doing exercise in the gym every day, she learns basketball on Saturdays,and now she plays it pretty well.She is also good at jumping.There is going to be a school sports meeting next weekend. She is going to take part in the high jump and the long jump.Her classmates are going to cheer her on.They are sure that she will win.
(二)范文分析
1.語篇结构分析
主题句:Ann likes sports very much.
支撑句:①She goes cycling...
②She spends...
③She learns...
④She is also good at...
2.语言形式分析
动词短语:go cycling,mountain climbing,do exercise, play basketball,is good at jumping.
连词的运用:and, also
一般将来时的运用:be going to be/do
代词的使用:she,her,they
(三)独立模仿写作
Writing work:Write a passage about your favorite sport.The following questions may help you.
问题一:What sports do you like?
问题二:What is your favorite sport?Why?
问题三:How often do you do it?
问题四:Who is your favorite player?Why?
1.遣词造句
(1)and 的连词用法
例句:She goes cycling twice a week and often goes mountain Climbing on Sunday.
仿句:I play football once a week and go skiing in winter.
(2)用主语 like描述人的穿着
例句:Ann likes sports very much.
仿句:I like sports a lot . I am wearing a red cap.
2.组段成篇
写作是一个由浅入深,由易到难,由简到繁的训练过程,只要教师平时对学生的写作策略给予高度的重视,并帮助学生形成有效的写作策略,学生的写作能力定会得到有效的培养和提高。
(责任编辑 李 璐)