国有企业能否进入市场，如何进入市场，这依然是亟待探索的重大课题，解决问题的前提在于，搞清究竟存在哪些障碍，其中主要障碍是什么？一、是否存在制度性障碍？所谓制度性障碍，是指国有制本身限制了企业进入市场。对此，可分三种类型加以判断：第一种类型为非竞争性国有企 Whether or not state-owned enterprises can enter the market and how to enter the market is still a major issue to be explored. The premise for solving the problem lies in finding out what obstacles exist and what are the major obstacles. First, whether there are institutional obstacles? The so-called institutional obstacle means that the state-owned system itself restricts companies from entering the market. This can be judged by three types: The first type is non-competitive state-owned enterprises.