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介绍了法布里-珀罗干涉型光纤水听器的工作原理,指出了工作点的选择依据及系统的实现方案。绘制了理想情况下光纤法布里-珀罗干涉的谐振曲线。用光弹学理论分析了光纤的应力双折射问题和谐振腔内模式分裂问题。用模式分裂的原理解释了水听器的谐振曲线畸变现象,提出了描述谐振曲线畸变的数学公式,用MathCAD软件仿真了模式分裂后水听器的干涉过程并绘制了理论曲线。用实验方法测量并记录了模式简并及分裂条件下各种谐振曲线的形状,通过实验照片与仿真曲线进行对比,理论仿真与实验结果吻合,这说明用光纤模式分裂理论解释谐振曲线畸变现象是可行的。
The working principle of Fabry-Perot interference type fiber optic hydrophone is introduced, and the selection basis of working point and the realization scheme of the system are pointed out. The resonant curve of the fiber Fabry-Perot interference is drawn. The optical birefringence problem and mode splitting problem in optical fiber are analyzed by using the theory of photoelasticity. The mode splitting principle is used to explain the hydrophone’s resonance curve distortion. The mathematical formula describing the resonance curve distortion is presented. The interference of hydrophone after mode splitting is simulated by MathCAD software and the theoretical curve is drawn. The shapes of various resonance curves under mode degeneracy and splitting conditions were measured and recorded by experimental methods. The comparison between the experimental images and the simulation curves shows that the theoretical simulation is consistent with the experimental results, which shows that the phenomenon of resonance curve distortion is explained by using fiber mode splitting theory feasible.